Background+on+DNA+Barcoding

DNA Barcoding
DNA barcoding will provide scientists with a database with unique genetic information for every known species on the planet. Thus, classification of species can be enhanced with genetic information instead of outward appearances. Therefore, insects that look nearly indentical may turn out to have different CO1 DNA and be a different species all together.



 For animals the CO1 gene in the mitochondria is used because the CO1 gene exists in all species and is also short enough to provide a quick read of the sequence but also varies highly between animal species. The CO1 gene only contains 648 base pairs making it the ideal length for quick analysis.

 However, because plants and fungi evolved differently than animals the CO1 gene will not work as a barcoding site. The DNA barcoding site for plants is called the matK gene. While the matK differs in most plant species, more genetic information might be needed to further determine differences between species. DNA barcode Identified for Plants.

The DNA in fungi is barcoded using the ITS region in non-coding DNA. This sequence exists in most species of fungi and has a high degree of variability between various these specie. Thus, the ITS sequence provides scientists with a reliable region of fungal DNA to use for barcoding.



International barcode of life website:iBOL.org

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